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Troubleshooting GE Dishwasher

By
Wisdom Bassey
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Ge Dishwasher Fills With Water But Won't Run

GE dishwasher may cease operation after filling with water due to several potential causes, such as a malfunctioning or stuck motor, filter blockage, a defective pump impeller, a blocked drain hose, or problems related to the drive belt. Additionally, it’s worth noting that a malfunctioning drain solenoid could also lead to operational failures.

Based on my experience with the GE Profile Dishwasher, I can affirm that these issues often do not require the expertise of a professional technician to resolve.

Why Does My GE Dishwasher Fill With Water Then Stop?

1. There’s a Problem with the Impeller

To ensure a GE dishwasher initiates, operates, and successfully completes a wash cycle, all of its components must function correctly. If any part of the unit malfunctions, the dishwasher won’t start, and dishwashing becomes impossible.

For instance, within a GE dishwasher, the impeller plays a crucial role. Some models even incorporate two impellers: one for water inlet and circulation, and the other for aiding in drainage.

Regrettably, a defective impeller can lead to a dishwasher failure because the integrated sensor detects an issue with one of the components.

You can identify a problem with the impeller if you observe a lack of water flow in your GE dishwasher. This usually indicates an obstruction preventing the impeller from functioning correctly.

Another possibility is that the impeller blades are damaged, which can disrupt the water flow in your GE dishwasher.

I suggest inspecting the impeller blades on the motor for any resistance. You can use one or two screwdrivers to gently move the impeller until it spins freely. This action should not only allow the dishwasher to fill with water but also ensure it operates correctly once more.

2. Your GE Dishwasher Can’t Run If Filter is Blocked

If your GE dishwasher filled with water but then abruptly stopped, there’s a strong likelihood that the filter may have become obstructed.

Here’s the important information:

GE dishwashers feature grinders designed to efficiently break down food residue, foreign objects like small sticks, and labels from cups and jars. However, these blades are not completely immune to blockages and can become jammed with unwanted items, preventing the unit from starting.

To resolve this issue, you can inspect the filter for potential blockages and clean it to dislodge any trapped particles.

The filter in the GE dishwasher is typically located in the loading area of the appliance. To access it, remove the dish rack. If you notice particles stuck in the filter, rinse it with water to remove them. Afterwards, test the dishwasher to see if it can run a wash cycle after filling it with water.

In certain situations, the filter may be malfunctioning, and if that’s the case, it’s advisable to obtain a replacement dishwasher filter that is compatible with your GE appliance for a seamless replacement process.

Pros and Cons of Ge Dishwasher

Pros

  • Includes steam options and bottle jets
  • Offers Dry Boost setting
  • Top-mounted control panel

Cons

  • Dry Boost leads to three hour cycle time

Differences Between GE Dishwashers and Bosch Dishwashers

GE Dishwashers

While GE dishwashers are not particularly loud, they may have noise levels in the range of 46-60 decibels (dB), with some quieter models available.

Bosch Dishwashers

Bosch is renowned for its quiet dishwashers, with many models featuring noise levels below 44 dB. Some Bosch models are among the quietest dishwashers on the market.

Alternative to GE Dishwasher

Amana Dishwashers

  • Offers affordable options with straightforward features.
  • Soil Sense cycle optimizes water and energy usage.
  • Ideal for those seeking a budget-friendly dishwasher.

3. Problem with the Water Inlet Valve

A malfunctioning water inlet valve in a GE dishwasher can lead to both potential kitchen floor flooding and operational difficulties, hindering the appliance from initiating and completing a full wash cycle.

If you observe that the dishwasher is filling with water even when it’s not connected to a power source, it strongly indicates a possible issue with the water inlet valve, which may need to be replaced.

Substituting the existing valve with a GE-compatible water inlet valve can be an effective solution to address and alleviate this problem.

4. The Dishwasher’s Solenoid Stopped Working

A significant number of GE dishwashers incorporate drain solenoids that serve to activate the drain valves and initiate a drainage cycle.

If your GE dishwasher has filled with water and then abruptly ceased functioning entirely, it is highly probable that an issue with the solenoid is to blame.

On a hardware level, the solenoid may have become non-functional due to a burnt plunger or a physical breakage.

In such a scenario, the only viable solution is to replace the impeller.

5. There is a problem with the Dishwasher Drive Belt

In older GE dishwashers, the pumps are equipped with drive belts that wrap around the pulley. The primary role of this belt is to maintain the connection between the motor and the pump, ensuring the system operates smoothly at all times.

However, here’s the issue:

The belt is constructed from rubber, which means it is susceptible to loosening or tearing over time, especially due to continuous drainage. If this occurs, your GE dishwasher will be unable to drain, and without proper drainage, it won’t be able to complete a full wash cycle.

Given that the drive belt naturally wears out through regular use, the solution is to obtain a replacement belt. After replacing the worn-out drive belt with a new one, test the dishwasher to determine if the issue is resolved.

Conclusion

In conclusion, maintaining the proper functioning of your GE dishwasher is essential for hassle-free dishwashing. This overview has highlighted various common issues that can disrupt its operation, from motor problems to filter blockages, pump impeller faults, drain hose clogs, drive belt wear, and drain solenoid issues.

Regular maintenance and timely troubleshooting can often resolve these problems without the need for professional assistance.

Whether it’s cleaning filters, checking impellers, or replacing worn drive belts, addressing these issues promptly ensures your GE dishwasher continues to deliver reliable performance, efficiently completing its wash cycles and keeping your dishes sparkling clean.

10 Health Benefits Of Bitter Leaf Juice and how to include Bitter Leaf in Your Diet

By
Sanni Muritador
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As the name implies, Bitter leaf is a bitter plant/herb that most people don’t enjoy taking probably because of the taste. Touching the bitter leaf juice alone will leave your hands tasting bitter for so long. However, it has numerous benefits embedded in it.

Historically, It has been used to cure lots of illnesses past such as fever, stomach ache, malaria, hepatitis, skin infections (like ringworm, acne), diabetes, insomnia, toothache, jaundice, bilharzia, pneumonia, tuberculosis, stroke, arthritis, wounds, fatigue and cough, diarrhoea, kidney disease, typhoid, prevention of cancer and lowering of hypertension. Nature has provided us with so many healthy options in the form of plants, drinking bitter leaf juice is one of them.

Bitter leaf is scientifically known as Vernonia amygdalina. You might be wondering, what are the benefits of this bitter drink? Why should you drink bitter leaf juice when it actually tastes bitter? Does it have any side effects?

All this and more are what we would be looking at in this article.

The bitter leaf contains protein, crude fibre, ash, fat, vitamins A, C, E, B1, B2, tannin, and minerals comprising sodium, potassium, calcium, manganese, zinc, and iron.

What are the health benefits of drinking bitter leaf juice? 

Some of the benefits of drinking bitter leaf juice are listed below:

Bitter Leaf Juice

  1. Bitter leaf helps to relieve fever

Bitter leaf is known to contain powerful antioxidant effects which can help with treating a variety of health issues such as a high fever. Traditionally, bitter leaves are used in the treatment of bacterial infections.

  1. It Enhances Fertility

Research has shown that drinking bitter leaf juice can help a woman get pregnant because of the chemical combinations existing in bitter leaf juice such as edotides which promote hormonal balance and improve your immune system to help fight against toxification.

Once the balance is reclaimed to your genital hormone, your likelihood of being reproductive enhances. Bitter leaf plants also have positive effects on the male sperm.

  1. Helps In Weight Loss

One of the reasons why most people drink bitter leaf juice (especially women) is to help in the burning of excess fat in the body. The components in bitter leaf extracts can help eradicate bad cholesterol and reduce additional calories in the body.

  1. Lowers High Blood Pressure

Bitter leaf juice helps to reduce your sugar level and regulates blood pressure. The powerful antioxidants in the bitter leaf are also another component that can further aid with the treatment of the condition.

  1. It helps to build strong bones and teeth. 

Bitter leaf has nutrients that contain Vitamin C which is a great antioxidant. This plays a vital role in building the body, including the maintenance of bones and teeth.

Also, it comprises fragments of vitamin K which assists the body to maintain healthy bones and prevents the weakening of bone tissue, also known as osteoporosis.

  1. Bitter leaf enhances detoxification

Bitter leaf is also known as the removal of toxins or harmful substances from the kidneys and liver — the fundamental organs that facilitate the removal of waste products and materials from the body.

Bitter leaves will help with the homeostasis of these organs and can aid their optimal functioning.  Traditionally, it has also been employed for the management of kidney stones as it facilitates urine flow. It also curbs the advancement of fatty liver disease.

  1. Soothes skin ailments

Drinking the extracts of bitter leaf helps in the management of skin conditions such as curtailing psoriatic flare-ups (itchy skin eruptions), eczematous rashes, and even help to curb infections of deep wounds.

Bitter Leaf Juice

  1. Bitter leaf helps relieve stomach aches 

The bitter leaf juice has been shown to provide some protection from stomach ulcers. This is because of the antioxidants in bitter leaves that contribute to these positive gastric effects.

  1. It helps fight free radicals

The bitter leaf contains vitamin E, which serves as antioxidant fighting against free radicals that have destructive effects on the body’s system.

  1. Aids In The Treatment Of Abdominal Issues

Another benefit of Bitter leaf is it helps in the treatment of abdominal issues such as stomach upset, dysentery, diarrhoea, and other gastrointestinal tract infections. Drinking a cup of bitter leaf juice twice every day helps bring relief from stomach pains.

 

Conclusion

With the information shown above, it should be noted that bitter leaves have numerous benefits to our health. For further clarification on the usage, kindly visit your doctor.

If you find this article helpful, kindly drop your thoughts in the comment section below. We would love to hear from you.

Should You Take Atorvastatin in the Morning or at Night? Here’s the Best Time

By
Wisdom Bassey
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0
should i take atorvastatin at night or in the morning

Atorvastatin, marketed under the brand name Lipitor, is a cholesterol-lowering medication designed for once-daily consumption and falls under the category of drugs known as statins. Specific recommendations regarding the optimal time for statin intake exist for certain statins.

In the case of atorvastatin, it can be taken either in the morning or evening, provided that it is taken consistently. The timing of statin administration typically hinges on the specific statin being used.

Statins are commonly prescribed to reduce levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) or “bad” cholesterol. By effectively lowering LDL levels, these medications also contribute to diminishing the risk of severe complications such as heart attacks and strokes.

Key Facts: Best Time to Take Atorvastatin

  1.  What Is Atorvastatin? Atorvastatin is a commonly prescribed statin used to lower cholesterol and reduce the risk of heart disease. It works by blocking the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase in the liver.
  2. Morning or Night – Which Is Better? Unlike some statins that work best at night, atorvastatin has a long half-life (~14 hours), meaning you can take it in the morning or at night with similar effectiveness.
  3.  Why Timing Still Matters: Even though the time of day isn’t critical, taking it at the same time daily helps maintain a consistent level in your system, which improves results and builds a healthy routine.
  4. Doctor’s Advice: Doctors may still recommend nighttime dosing if you’re taking shorter-acting statins or if your cholesterol levels fluctuate more overnight—but atorvastatin offers flexibility.
  5. Food, Side Effects & Routine: Atorvastatin can be taken with or without food. To reduce side effects like stomach upset or muscle pain, consistency in timing and following your doctor’s instructions are key.

When and How to Take Atorvastatin

The dosing and timing of atorvastatin intake are contingent on personal convenience.

Typically, one tablet is taken orally once a day. In contrast to certain other statins, atorvastatin exhibits an extended half-life of 14 hours, earning it the classification of a long-acting statin.

The term “half-life” denotes the duration required for half of the drug to be metabolized by the body. When contemplating the rationale behind recommending some statins for nighttime consumption, it is crucial to consider both the medication’s half-life and the body’s cholesterol synthesis.

Cholesterol production tends to peak during the night, with the liver being a primary source. Administering a statin at bedtime targets the period when cholesterol production is most pronounced.

Nevertheless, due to atorvastatin’s 14-hour half-life, the specific timing of its intake is relatively flexible. The drug remains adequately present in the body throughout the day and night. The key consideration lies in selecting a consistent time for administration.

How Do Statins Work?

Statins operate by inhibiting the function of an enzyme known as HMG-CoA reductase, a crucial protein required by the body for cholesterol synthesis. Consistency in daily intake ensures a sustained presence of the medication, effectively halting the activity of HMG-CoA reductase and thereby impeding cholesterol production.

Which Statins Should You Take at Night?

Certain statins are typically advised to be taken in the evening or with dinner, as they fall under the category of short-acting statins characterized by a brief half-life. The rationale behind this recommendation is rooted in the fact that these medications will only remain in the body for a limited duration.

If taken in the morning, these short-acting statins may not significantly influence the time when the body predominantly synthesizes cholesterol. Therefore, unlike their long-acting counterparts, a more strategic approach may be necessary in determining the timing of their administration.

The statins commonly recommended for evening or dinner-time intake include:

  • Zocor (simvastatin)
  • Pravastatin
  • Lovastatin
  • Fluvastatin

Pros and Cons of atorvastatin

Pros of Atorvastatin

  • Effective Cholesterol Reduction
  • Cardiovascular Risk Reduction
  • Wide Availability
  • Long-Lasting Effect

Cons of Atorvastatin

  • Potential Side Effects
  • Interaction with Other Medications
  • Liver Function Monitoring
  • Not Suitable for Everyone

Differences Between atorvastatin and eliquis

Atorvastatin

Primarily prescribed to lower LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol and reduce the risk of cardiovascular events such as heart attacks and strokes.

Eliquis (Apixaban)

Prescribed to prevent blood clots, especially in individuals with conditions like atrial fibrillation or after certain types of surgeries.

Alternative to atorvastatin

Bile Acid Sequestrants (e.g., Cholestyramine, Colesevelam)

These medications work by binding to bile acids in the intestine, leading to increased excretion of cholesterol. They are often used as adjuncts to statins.

Which Statins Can You Take in the Morning?

Certain statins offer flexibility in terms of timing and can be taken at any time of the day, be it in the morning or at night. This flexibility stems from their longer half-life, ensuring a sustained presence of the medication in the body throughout the entire day.

For these statins, the key consideration is to select a time that aligns with your preferences and lifestyle and to maintain consistency in taking the medication at approximately the same time each day.

The statins that fall into this category, suitable for either morning or nighttime administration, include:

  • Atorvastatin
  • Crestor (rosuvastatin)
  • Lescol XL (extended-release fluvastatin)

Considerations for Taking Atorvastatin and Other Statins

While taking atorvastatin or other statins, there are important considerations that may influence how you administer your medication.

Side Effects

Common side effects associated with atorvastatin may include muscle pain (myalgia), nasal congestion (stuffy nose), diarrhea, indigestion, insomnia, nausea, and urinary tract infection. If you experience serious side effects, such as unexplained muscle pain, tenderness, or weakness accompanied by fever or extreme fatigue, it is crucial to contact your healthcare provider promptly. In the case of symptoms that feel life-threatening or if you suspect a medical emergency, call 911.

Drug Interactions

Statins, including atorvastatin, have a notable number of drug interactions due to their metabolism in the body. Medications that interact with atorvastatin include cyclosporine, gemfibrozil, antiviral drugs like tipranavir, ritonavir, lipinavir, and nelfinavir, colchicine, niacin, certain antifungals or antibiotics (e.g., itraconazole, ketoconazole, and clarithromycin). Additionally, statins can interact with grapefruit juice, so it is advisable to avoid consuming large quantities (more than 1.2 liters per day). For a comprehensive list of potential interactions, consult your healthcare provider or pharmacist.

It is essential to discuss any concerns or questions about side effects and potential drug interactions with your healthcare provider to ensure the safe and effective use of statin medication.

Can I Take Atorvastatin With Food?

Atorvastatin can be taken either with or without food. If you experience stomach upset after taking atorvastatin, it may be beneficial to take the medication with a meal. Adjusting the timing of your dose in relation to your meals can help alleviate any potential discomfort and enhance the overall tolerability of the medication.

Read Also: White Cross Speed Pills | What type of drug is it?

Other Ways to Reduce Cholesterol

While statins are effective in reducing cholesterol, it’s important to recognize that lifestyle changes can also contribute significantly to achieving cholesterol goals.

The foods you consume play a crucial role in affecting cholesterol levels, particularly the types of fats you include in your diet. Lowering LDL cholesterol can be achieved by limiting the intake of foods high in saturated and trans fats, commonly found in fast food, processed foods, desserts like doughnuts and cakes, red meats, and certain dairy products such as butter, cheese, and whole milk.

On the other hand, incorporating unsaturated fats into your diet in moderation can have a positive impact on cholesterol levels. Foods rich in unsaturated fats include fish like salmon and tuna, seeds, nuts, avocados, and vegetable oils.

In addition to a healthy diet, regular moderate-intensity exercise has been proven effective in lowering bad cholesterol (LDL) and increasing good cholesterol (HDL). Limiting alcohol intake and quitting smoking are also valuable strategies for cholesterol management.

For personalized guidance on managing cholesterol through diet, it’s advisable to collaborate with your healthcare provider and a registered dietitian nutritionist (RDN). Their expertise can help you develop a comprehensive plan tailored to your specific needs and goals.

Conclusion

While statins such as atorvastatin are powerful tools for lowering cholesterol, it’s essential to recognize the significant impact that lifestyle changes can have on achieving optimal cholesterol levels. Managing dietary choices, particularly by limiting saturated and trans fats while incorporating beneficial unsaturated fats, plays a vital role in this endeavor.

Engaging in regular, moderate-intensity exercise, limiting alcohol consumption, and quitting smoking are additional lifestyle measures that contribute to overall cholesterol management. These lifestyle modifications, when combined with the appropriate use of statin medications, offer a comprehensive approach to achieving and maintaining a healthy cholesterol profile.

For personalized guidance, it is advisable to work closely with healthcare providers and registered dietitian nutritionists who can provide tailored advice and support in navigating this journey toward improved cardiovascular health.

Authoritative References:

  1. Mayo Clinic. (2024). Atorvastatin (Oral Route) – Proper Use.
    https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/atorvastatin-oral-route/proper-use/drg-20067002
  2. Cleveland Clinic. (2023). When Should I Take Statins—Morning or Night?
    https://health.clevelandclinic.org/when-should-you-take-statins
  3. British Heart Foundation. (2022). Understanding Statins and How They Work.
    https://www.bhf.org.uk/informationsupport/heart-matters-magazine/medical/statins

What Does CVS Mean in Pregnancy? Understanding Chorionic Villus Sampling

By
Wisdom Bassey
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0
what does the initials cvs stand for

Chorionic villus sampling (CVS), also known as chorionic villus biopsy, is a prenatal examination involving the extraction of placental tissue to identify chromosomal abnormalities and specific genetic issues. The placenta, situated in the uterus, serves to deliver blood and nutrients from the mother to the fetus.

Chorionic villi, resembling finger-like projections of placental tissue, carry the same genetic makeup as the fetus. Depending on family history and laboratory capabilities, testing might extend to other genetic disorders during the procedure.

Typically performed between the 10th and 12th weeks of pregnancy, CVS differs from amniocentesis, another prenatal test, in that it does not provide insights into neural tube defects like spina bifida. Consequently, women undergoing CVS require a subsequent blood test between the 16th and 18th weeks of pregnancy to screen for such defects.

Key Facts: Understanding CVS (Chorionic Villus Sampling)

1. What CVS Stands For:

CVS refers to Chorionic Villus Sampling, a prenatal diagnostic procedure done to examine genetic and chromosomal conditions in a developing fetus.

2. Timing of the Procedure:

It is usually conducted between 10 and 13 weeks of pregnancy, making it an early option for detecting potential health issues in the fetus.

3. Purpose of CVS Testing:

Doctors recommend CVS for women at higher risk of genetic disorders due to family history, maternal age, or irregular screening results.

4. How It’s Performed:

A small placental tissue sample is collected using a thin tube through the cervix or a needle through the abdomen, depending on what’s safest.

5. Possible Risks:

CVS is generally safe but may cause minor risks like miscarriage or infection, which is why it’s reserved for medically justified cases.

Two primary methods of CVS exist:

  1. Transcervical: This technique involves inserting a catheter through the cervix into the placenta to collect the tissue sample.
  2. Transabdominal: Here, a needle is inserted through the abdomen and uterus into the placenta to obtain the tissue sample.

Amniocentesis is another relevant procedure used to diagnose genetic and chromosomal defects.

Anatomy of the fetus in utero

Amniotic sac: A delicate sac that envelops the fetus throughout pregnancy. Filled with amniotic fluid produced by the fetus, it includes the amnion, a membrane shielding the fetal side of the placenta, safeguarding against harm and maintaining fetal temperature.

Anus: The opening situated at the end of the anal canal.

Cervix: The lower segment of the uterus extending into the vagina. Composed mainly of fibrous tissue and muscle, it possesses a circular shape.

Fetus: The term used to describe an unborn baby from the eighth week following fertilization until birth.

Placenta: An organ resembling a flat cake that develops solely during pregnancy. It facilitates metabolic exchange between the fetus and the mother, allowing the fetus to receive oxygen, nutrients, and other essential substances while eliminating carbon dioxide and waste products.

Umbilical cord: A cord resembling a rope that links the fetus to the placenta. It comprises two arteries and a vein, transporting oxygen and nutrients to the fetus and removing waste products from it.

Uterine wall: The lining of the uterus.

Uterus (womb): A hollow, pear-shaped organ situated in the lower abdomen of women, positioned between the bladder and the rectum. It sheds its lining monthly during menstruation and serves as the site for the implantation of a fertilized egg (ovum) and subsequent fetal development.

Vagina: An integral part of the female reproductive system located behind the bladder and in front of the rectum. It forms a canal stretching from the uterus to the vulva.

Read Also: Vienva Birth Control Reviews: Is This BC Pill the Best?

Reasons for the procedure

Chorionic villus sampling is a procedure commonly employed for genetic and chromosomal testing during the initial stages of pregnancy. Here are several reasons why a woman might opt for CVS:

  1. A previous child affected by a genetic disease, or a family history indicating genetic disorders, chromosomal abnormalities, or metabolic disorders.
  2. Maternal age exceeding 35 years by the expected date of delivery.
  3. Elevated risk of a sex-linked genetic ailment.
  4. Previous ultrasound results showing dubious or abnormal findings.
  5. Abnormal outcomes from cell-free DNA testing.

Additionally, there could be other factors prompting your doctor to suggest chorionic villus sampling.

Pros and Cons of Chorionic villus sampling (CVS)

Pros:

  • Early Detection
  • Accurate Results
  • Personalized Care
  • Peace of Mind

Cons:

  • Risk of Complications
  • Limited Information
  • Invasive Procedure

Differences Between Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) and Vienva

Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS):

CVS is a prenatal diagnostic procedure used to detect chromosomal abnormalities and genetic disorders in the fetus during early pregnancy, typically between 10 to 13 weeks gestation.

Vienva:

Vienva is a brand of combination birth control pill that contains two hormones, estrogen, and progestin, designed to prevent pregnancy by inhibiting ovulation, thickening cervical mucus to prevent sperm from reaching the egg, and thinning the uterine lining to prevent implantation.

Alternative to Chorionic villus sampling (CVS)

Amniocentesis:

Amniocentesis is a prenatal diagnostic procedure performed typically between 15 to 20 weeks of pregnancy. During amniocentesis, a small amount of amniotic fluid is extracted from the amniotic sac surrounding the fetus. This fluid contains fetal cells that can be analyzed for chromosomal abnormalities and genetic disorders. Amniocentesis carries a similar risk of complications as CVS but is often preferred for its lower risk of miscarriage.

Risks of the procedure

Like any invasive procedure, chorionic villus sampling (CVS) carries potential complications, including:

  • Cramping, bleeding, or amniotic fluid leakage (rupture of membranes).
  • Risk of infection.
  • Miscarriage.
  • Onset of preterm labor.
  • Rare occurrence of limb defects in infants, particularly in CVS procedures conducted before the 9th week of pregnancy.
  • Individuals allergic to medications or latex should inform their doctor beforehand.
  • Women carrying twins or multiples require sampling from each placenta to assess each baby’s condition.

Other risks may vary depending on individual medical circumstances. It is important to discuss any concerns with your doctor prior to the procedure.

Certain factors or conditions may impede CVS, such as:

  • Pregnancy occurring earlier than seven weeks or later than 13 weeks.
  • Baby’s position, placental location, amount of amniotic fluid, or maternal anatomy.
  • Presence of vaginal or cervical infections.
  • Inadequate samples for testing or samples containing maternal tissue.

Before the procedure

Your doctor will guide you through the procedure, allowing you to address any questions you may have.

Before undergoing chorionic villus sampling (CVS), you’ll be requested to sign a consent form, granting permission for the procedure. Ensure you review the form carefully and seek clarification on any unclear aspects.

Typically, there are no specific dietary or activity restrictions preceding CVS.

Inform your doctor about any sensitivities or allergies to medications, latex, iodine, tape, and anesthetic agents (both local and general).

Disclose all medications, including prescribed, over-the-counter, and herbal supplements that you’re currently taking.

Inform your doctor about any history of bleeding disorders or if you’re using anticoagulant (blood-thinning) medications, aspirin, or any other drugs affecting blood clotting. It may be necessary to discontinue these medications before the procedure.

If you’re Rh negative, inform your doctor. During CVS, mixing of blood cells from the mother and fetus might occur, potentially leading to Rh sensitization and breakdown of fetal red blood cells. In most cases, prenatal blood tests would have already determined your Rh factor. You may be required to provide these lab results before the procedure.

Depending on the position of the uterus and placenta, you may or may not be advised to have a full bladder just before the procedure. A full or empty bladder may aid in positioning the uterus optimally for the procedure.

Your doctor may recommend additional specific preparations based on your medical condition.

During the procedure

A chorionic villus sampling (CVS) procedure can typically be conducted on an outpatient basis or as part of a hospital stay, depending on your condition and your doctor’s preferences.

Here’s a general outline of what to expect during a CVS procedure:

  • You’ll be asked to disrobe completely or from the waist down and wear a hospital gown.
  • You’ll lie down on an examination table and position your hands behind your head.
  • Your vital signs, including blood pressure, heart rate, and breathing rate, will be monitored.
  • An ultrasound will be performed to assess the fetal heart rate and determine the position of the placenta, fetus, and umbilical cord.
  • Depending on the placental location, the CVS procedure will be conducted either through your cervix (transcervical) or through your abdominal wall (transabdominal).

For a transcervical CVS procedure:

  • The doctor will insert a speculum into your vagina to visualize your cervix.
  • Your vagina and cervix will be cleansed using an antiseptic solution.
  • With the guidance of ultrasound, a thin tube will be carefully directed through your cervix to reach the chorionic villi.
  • Cells will be gently suctioned through the tube into a syringe. You might experience a twinge or mild cramping during this process. Multiple samples may be required to collect enough tissue for testing.
  • Finally, the tube will be removed.

For a transabdominal CVS procedure:

For an abdominal CVS procedure, the following steps are typically involved:

  • Your abdomen will be cleansed with an antiseptic solution. You’ll be instructed not to touch the sterile area on your abdomen during the procedure.
  • The doctor may administer a local anesthetic to numb the skin. If a local anesthetic is used, you’ll feel a needle stick during the injection, which might cause a brief stinging sensation.
  • Ultrasound will be utilized to guide a long, thin, hollow needle through your abdomen, into the uterus, and ultimately to the placenta. This part of the procedure may cause slight discomfort, and you may experience cramping as the needle enters the uterus.
  • Cells will be gently suctioned into a syringe. Multiple samples may be necessary to collect enough tissue for testing.
  • Subsequently, the needle will be withdrawn, and an adhesive bandage will be applied over the site where the needle was inserted into the abdomen.

Conclusion

Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) is a valuable prenatal procedure that provides essential information about fetal health and development. Whether conducted through the cervix or abdominal wall, CVS allows for the early detection of genetic abnormalities and chromosomal disorders, aiding parents and healthcare providers in making informed decisions about pregnancy management and care.
While the procedure carries potential risks and discomfort, its benefits in identifying potential issues and guiding subsequent medical interventions are significant. It is essential for expectant parents to discuss any concerns with their healthcare provider and weigh the benefits against the risks before proceeding with CVS. Ultimately, CVS plays a crucial role in promoting the health and well-being of both mother and baby throughout the pregnancy journey.

Authoritative References:

1. Healthline. (2023). What Is Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS)?
https://www.healthline.com/health/pregnancy/chorionic-villus-sampling

2. Mayo Clinic. (2023). Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS) – Risks and Procedure.
https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/chorionic-villus-sampling/about/pac-20393521

3. American Pregnancy Association. (2024). CVS – Chorionic Villus Sampling.
https://americanpregnancy.org/prenatal-testing/chorionic-villus-sampling/

MAO Inhibitors Drug List: Types, Uses, and Key Warnings You Should Know

By
Wisdom Bassey
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0
mao inhibitors drug list

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors, also known as MAO inhibitors or MAOIs, function by impeding the activity of monoamine oxidase enzymes in the brain.

These enzymes are responsible for the degradation of neurotransmitters like dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. While historically linked to depression due to low levels of these neurotransmitters, their deficiency might not solely explain depression. MAOIs elevate the levels of these neurotransmitters by inhibiting the actions of monoamine oxidase enzymes.

Typically reserved for cases where standard antidepressants have failed, MAOIs pose a higher risk of drug interactions compared to conventional antidepressants. Additionally, they can interact adversely with specific foods such as aged cheeses and cured meats.

Key Facts: Understanding MAO Inhibitors (MAOIs)

1. What Are MAO Inhibitors?

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are a class of antidepressant drugs that treat mental health conditions by blocking the enzyme monoamine oxidase, which breaks down mood-regulating neurotransmitters like serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine.

2. Common MAOI Drugs Listed:

The article lists several widely known MAOI medications, including phenelzine, tranylcypromine, and isocarboxazid, which are often used when other antidepressants fail.

3. When Are They Prescribed?

MAOIs are generally reserved for treatment-resistant depression, panic disorders, or atypical depression due to their potential for serious food and drug interactions.

4. Dangerous Interactions:

Taking MAOIs with certain foods (like aged cheese and cured meats) or drugs (like SSRIs or decongestants) can lead to life-threatening conditions such as hypertensive crisis or serotonin syndrome.

5. Use with Caution:

Patients on MAOIs require close monitoring, strict dietary restrictions, and careful drug management. They’re not typically first-line antidepressants due to these complexities.

How do MAOIs work?

The monoamine oxidase enzyme naturally occurs in the body and is responsible for breaking down, or deactivating, specific neurotransmitters collectively referred to as monoamines, which include serotonin, dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine. It is hypothesized that individuals with depression exhibit reduced levels of these neurotransmitters in the brain. MAOIs function by blocking the activity of monoamine oxidase, thereby impeding the breakdown of monoamines and leading to elevated levels of these neurotransmitters in the brain.

Read Also: How long does it take for ibuprofen to work for a fever

What are MAOIs used for?

MAOIs are primarily prescribed to address depression; however, they may also be employed in treating the following conditions:

  • Parkinson’s disease
  • Alzheimer’s disease
  • Panic disorder
  • Social anxiety disorder
  • Bulimia

List of MAOIs

Drug nameLearn moreSee SingleCare price
AzilectAzilect detailsAzilect price
Rasagiline MesylateRasagiline-Mesylate detailsRasagiline-Mesylate price
EmsamEmsam detailsEmsam price
MarplanMarplan detailsMarplan price
NardilNardil detailsNardil price
Phenelzine SulfatePhenelzine-Sulfate detailsPhenelzine-Sulfate price
ParnateParnate detailsParnate price
Cyclobenzaprine HclCyclobenzaprine-Hcl detailsCyclobenzaprine-Hcl price
XadagoXadago detailsXadago price

Who can take MAOIs?

Although MAOIs carry the potential for serious side effects, they have been established as effective treatments for depression in adults. Their utilization is less common compared to other antidepressants due to dietary restrictions and the risks of adverse reactions when combined with specific medications.

Use caution when prescribing MAOIs to seniors

Elderly individuals may face an elevated risk of adverse reactions when using MAOIs. Typically, dosage selection for older patients should commence at the lower end of the dosing spectrum, especially if they exhibit reduced liver, kidney, or cardiac function. Seniors are also more prone to secondary diseases or undergoing drug therapy that could affect the effectiveness or safety of an MAOI.

Warnings for MOAIs in children and adolescents

Antidepressants, including MAOIs, are subject to a mandated “boxed warning,” also known as a black box warning, by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) due to an elevated risk of suicidality in individuals under 24 years of age. Safety and effectiveness for pediatric use have not been established for most MAOIs. When contemplating the use of an MAOI in a child or adolescent, the prescriber must carefully weigh the potential risks against the clinical benefits.

Pros and Cons of mao

Pros:

  • Effectiveness
  • Unique Mechanism
  • Treatment for Atypical Depression
  • Use in Other Conditions

Cons:

  • Side Effects
  • Dietary Restrictions
  • Drug Interactions

Differences Between mao and sulindac

MAO (Monoamine Oxidase):

MAO is an enzyme found in the body that helps break down neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine.

Sulindac:

Sulindac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to relieve pain, inflammation, and swelling caused by various conditions such as arthritis and gout.

Alternative to mao

Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs):

  • SNRIs are another class of antidepressants that increase levels of serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain.
  • Examples include venlafaxine (Effexor), duloxetine (Cymbalta), and desvenlafaxine (Pristiq).

Are MAOIs safe?

MAOIs come with a boxed warning concerning the heightened risk of suicidal ideation and behavior in some younger patients. All patients, regardless of age, who commence antidepressant therapy should undergo monitoring for indications of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Additionally, MAOIs feature a second boxed warning regarding a sudden and severe rise in blood pressure that may result from consuming specific foods or beverages during treatment.

Prior to initiating an MAOI regimen, patients should be informed about the significant drug-food and drug-drug interactions that could lead to serotonin syndrome or hypertensive crisis.

Serotonin syndrome

Serotonin syndrome is a severe and potentially life-threatening condition characterized by an excess of serotonin in the body. Symptoms may include high fever, seizures, irregular heartbeat, or loss of consciousness. If any of these symptoms occur, urgent medical attention may be necessary. MAOIs should not be combined with other medications that can elevate serotonin levels. Below is a list of drug classes and medications that should not be used with MAOIs due to concerns about serotonin syndrome:

  • Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) like Prozac (fluoxetine), Zoloft (sertraline), or Paxil (paroxetine)
  • Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) such as Effexor (venlafaxine) or Cymbalta (duloxetine)
  • Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) like Elavil (amitriptyline), Pamelor (nortriptyline), or Tofranil (imipramine)
  • Atypical antidepressants like Wellbutrin (bupropion), Ludiomil (maprotiline), Serzone (nefazodone), or Desyrel (trazodone)
  • Opioids and other pain medications such as MS Contin (morphine sulfate), OxyContin (oxycodone), Demerol (meperidine), Duragesic (fentanyl), Dilaudid (hydromorphone), Dolophine (methadone), or Ultram (tramadol)
  • Sympathomimetic drugs like amphetamines, as well as certain cold, hay fever, or weight-reducing products containing dextromethorphan, pseudoephedrine, phenylephrine, or ephedrine
  • Triptans such as Imitrex (sumatriptan), Maxalt (rizatriptan), or Zomig (zolmitriptan)
  • Miscellaneous drugs like Flexeril (cyclobenzaprine), Tegretol (carbamazepine), Buspar (buspirone), lithium, dopamine, reserpine, or St. John’s wort.

Hypertensive crisis

An elevation in blood pressure may occur significantly when there are excessive levels of tyramine in the body. Tyramine, a naturally occurring amino acid aiding blood pressure regulation, is commonly found in certain foods. The enzyme monoamine oxidase facilitates the breakdown of surplus tyramine. However, since MAOIs inhibit monoamine oxidase, tyramine levels can accumulate to hazardous levels. This elevation in tyramine can trigger a severe surge in blood pressure necessitating immediate medical attention. Patients should be cautioned to avoid the following foods and beverages while taking MAOIs and for two weeks after discontinuation:

Meat and fish

Pickled herring

Liver

Dry sausage varieties (including Genoa salami, hard salami, pepperoni, and Lebanon bologna)

Spoiled or improperly stored meat, poultry, and fish

Vegetables

Broad bean pods (fava bean pods)

Sauerkraut

Fruits

Overripe avocados, bananas, raisins, or figs

Dairy products

Aged cheeses

Yogurt

Beverages

Beer and wine

Alcohol-free and reduced-alcohol beer and wine products

Miscellaneous

Yeast extract (including brewer’s yeast in large quantities)

Meat extract

Most soybean products (including soy sauce and tofu)

Excessive quantities of chocolate and caffeine

Over-the-counter supplements containing tyramine

Common MAOI side effects

The following are potential common side effects associated with MAOIs. This list is not exhaustive, and it is essential to seek professional medical advice from a healthcare provider before initiating MAOI therapy:

  • Orthostatic hypotension (temporary drop in blood pressure, often upon standing suddenly)
  • Dizziness
  • Headache
  • Insomnia
  • Restlessness
  • Central nervous system (CNS) stimulation
  • Muscle spasms
  • Tremor
  • Myoclonic jerks (abrupt muscle contractions)
  • Anxiety
  • Agitation
  • Weakness
  • Blurred vision
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Drowsiness
  • Loss of appetite
  • Palpitations
  • Tachycardia (rapid heart rate)
  • Ejaculatory dysfunction
  • Impotence
  • Dry mouth
  • Swelling of lower legs or hands
  • Diarrhea
  • Constipation
  • Paresthesia (tingling or prickly sensation in hands or feet)
  • Tinnitus (ringing or buzzing in the ears)
  • Urinary retention
  • Rash

Conclusion

MAOIs offer effective treatment options for depression in adults, albeit with the potential for significant side effects and interactions. Caution is warranted, especially when considering their use in elderly patients and younger individuals. The risk of serotonin syndrome and hypertensive crisis underscores the importance of careful medication management and adherence to dietary restrictions. Patients should be vigilant about potential adverse effects and promptly report any concerning symptoms to their healthcare providers. Ultimately, collaboration between patients and healthcare professionals is paramount to ensure safe and effective treatment with MAOIs.

Authoritative References:

1. National Institutes of Health (NIH) – MedlinePlus. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs).
https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/007434.htm

2. American Psychiatric Association. (2023). Practice Guidelines for the Use of Antidepressants.
https://www.psychiatry.org

3. Mayo Clinic. (2024). Depression (major depressive disorder) – MAOIs.
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/depression/in-depth/antidepressants/art-20046273

Taking Ambien for 10 Years: Is It Safe or Dangerous?

By
Wisdom Bassey
-
0
I have been taking ambien for 10 years

Ambien is prescribed temporarily to address a specific sleep disorder (insomnia) in adults. When experiencing difficulty initiating sleep, it facilitates quicker sleep onset, promoting a more restful night. Zolpidem is categorized under sedative-hypnotic medications, exerting a calming influence on the brain.

Key Facts: Long-Term Use of Ambien

1. What Is Ambien?

Ambien (zolpidem) is a prescription sedative-hypnotic used to treat insomnia. It works by slowing brain activity to help with sleep onset and maintenance.

2. Long-Term Use Is Not Recommended:

Although effective short-term, most medical guidelines advise against using Ambien for more than 2–4 weeks due to the risk of tolerance, dependence, and cognitive effects.

3. Health Risks After 10 Years:

Extended use of Ambien may lead to memory problems, daytime drowsiness, sleepwalking, increased fall risk, and potential for addiction or withdrawal symptoms.

4. Withdrawal Can Be Difficult:

Stopping Ambien suddenly after long-term use can cause insomnia rebound, anxiety, irritability, and even seizures in rare cases. Medical supervision is advised during tapering.

5. Safer Alternatives Exist:

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) is the gold standard for long-term sleep issues. Other options include melatonin, lifestyle changes, and non-addictive sleep aids.

How to use Ambien

Please review the Medication Guide and, if accessible, the Patient Information Leaflet supplied by your pharmacist before commencing zolpidem and each time you refill your prescription. If you have any inquiries, consult your physician or pharmacist.

Administer this medication orally on an empty stomach as instructed by your physician, typically once nightly. Because zolpidem acts swiftly, consume it immediately before going to bed. Refrain from taking it with or following a meal, as its effectiveness will be diminished. If you are using the capsule form, swallow it whole; do not open, chew, or crush the capsules.

Only take a dose of this medication if you can allocate a full night’s sleep of at least 7 to 8 hours. Waking up earlier may lead to memory impairment and hinder your ability to engage in tasks requiring alertness, such as driving or operating machinery (refer to Precautions section).

Dosage is determined by your gender, age, medical condition, concurrent medications, and response to treatment. Do not escalate your dose, increase frequency, or prolong usage beyond the prescribed duration. The maximum daily dosage should not exceed 10 milligrams. Typically, women are prescribed lower doses due to slower drug elimination, while older adults are usually given reduced doses to mitigate side effects.

Abrupt discontinuation of this medication may induce withdrawal symptoms (e.g., nausea, vomiting, flushing, stomach cramps, nervousness, tremors). Your doctor may taper your dose gradually to mitigate withdrawal, especially if you have been using zolpidem for an extended period or in high doses. Promptly notify your doctor or pharmacist if withdrawal symptoms occur.

Despite its efficacy for many individuals, zolpidem may potentially lead to addiction, particularly in individuals with substance use disorders (e.g., drug/alcohol misuse or addiction). Adhere strictly to the prescribed dosage regimen to minimize the risk of addiction. For additional information, consult your doctor or pharmacist.

Extended use of this medication may diminish its effectiveness over time. If you notice a decline in efficacy, discuss this with your doctor.

Inform your doctor if your condition persists beyond 7 to 10 days or worsens.

Initial difficulty sleeping may occur during the first few nights following discontinuation of this medication. This phenomenon, known as rebound insomnia, is normal and typically resolves within 1-2 nights. If this persists, contact your doctor.

Read Also: ATV 40 pill: Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Addiction

Pros and Cons of ambien

Pros:

  • Effective Short-Term Treatment
  • Rapid Onset of Action
  • Minimal Hangover Effect

Cons:

  • Risk of Dependence and Tolerance
  • Side Effects
  • Potential for Abuse

Differences Between ambien and dramamine

Ambien (Zolpidem):

Ambien is primarily used to treat insomnia, helping individuals fall asleep faster and stay asleep longer.

Dramamine (Dimenhydrinate):

Dramamine is primarily used to prevent and treat motion sickness, including symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and dizziness associated with motion sickness.

Alternative to ambien

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I):

CBT-I is a highly effective treatment for insomnia that focuses on changing behaviors and thoughts that contribute to sleep problems. It involves techniques such as stimulus control, sleep restriction, relaxation training, and cognitive therapy.

Side Effects

You may experience dizziness, and if this persists or worsens, promptly inform your doctor or pharmacist.

This medication can induce daytime sleepiness. Notify your doctor if you experience daytime drowsiness, as your dosage may require adjustment.

Keep in mind that your doctor has prescribed this medication because they have assessed that its benefits outweigh the risk of side effects. Many individuals using this medication do not experience serious side effects.

Notify your doctor immediately if you encounter any serious side effects, such as memory loss, alterations in mental state or behavior (e.g., new or worsening depression, unusual thoughts, suicidal ideation, hallucinations, confusion, agitation, aggressive behavior, anxiety).

While severe allergic reactions to this medication are rare, seek medical assistance immediately if you observe symptoms such as rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, or difficulty breathing.

Precautions

Before initiating zolpidem, inform your doctor or pharmacist about any known allergies to it or other substances. This product may contain inactive components that could trigger allergic reactions or other complications. Consult your pharmacist for further information.

Prior to using this medication, disclose your medical history to your doctor or pharmacist, particularly if you have a history of kidney or liver disease, mental health issues (e.g., depression, suicidal thoughts), personal or family history of substance use disorder, sleepwalking, respiratory conditions (e.g., COPD, sleep apnea), or a certain muscle disease (myasthenia gravis).

The effects of this medication may persist into the following day. If you slept less than 7 to 8 hours or took other medications inducing drowsiness, or if you are more susceptible to this drug, you may feel awake but lack clarity for driving. You might also experience dizziness or blurred/double vision. Alcohol or marijuana can exacerbate dizziness. Refrain from driving or operating machinery until at least 8 hours have elapsed since taking this medication. Additionally, avoid alcoholic beverages. If you use marijuana, discuss this with your doctor.

Children may be more susceptible to the side effects of zolpidem, particularly dizziness and hallucinations.

Older adults may be more prone to the side effects of this medication, including dizziness, confusion, unsteadiness, and excessive drowsiness, which can elevate the risk of falls.

Inform your doctor or dentist about all products you use, including prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and herbal products, before undergoing surgery.

During pregnancy, use this medication only if absolutely necessary. Infants born to mothers who used this drug late in the last trimester may exhibit unusual sleepiness, breathing difficulties, limpness, or withdrawal symptoms. Seek medical attention promptly if you notice any unusual symptoms in your newborn. Discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor.

A small quantity of this medication passes into breast milk and may have adverse effects on nursing infants, such as unusual sleepiness, breathing difficulties, or limpness. Seek medical attention immediately if you observe any unusual symptoms in your baby. Consult your doctor regarding the necessity to pump and discard breast milk during treatment and for 23 hours following a dose of this medication to mitigate the risk of adverse effects in your baby. Seek advice from your doctor before breastfeeding.

Interactions

Drug interactions can alter the efficacy of your medications or heighten the risk of serious side effects. This document does not encompass all potential drug interactions. Maintain a record of all products you utilize (including prescription/nonprescription drugs and herbal supplements) and disclose it to your doctor and pharmacist. Refrain from initiating, discontinuing, or adjusting the dosage of any medications without your doctor’s consent.

A product that may interact with this drug is sodium oxybate.

Other medications can influence the elimination of zolpidem from your system, potentially affecting its effectiveness. Examples include azole antifungals (e.g., ketoconazole), rifampin, St. John’s Wort, among others.

The likelihood of severe side effects (such as slow or shallow breathing, profound drowsiness, or dizziness) may escalate if this medication is combined with other products that induce drowsiness or respiratory problems. Inform your doctor or pharmacist if you are consuming other products such as opioid pain relievers or cough suppressants (e.g., codeine, hydrocodone), alcohol, marijuana (cannabis), other sleep or anxiety medications (e.g., alprazolam, lorazepam, zopiclone), muscle relaxants (e.g., carisoprodol, cyclobenzaprine), or antihistamines (e.g., cetirizine, diphenhydramine).

Examine the labels on all your medications (e.g., allergy or cough-and-cold products) as they may contain ingredients that induce drowsiness. Consult your pharmacist regarding the safe utilization of these products.

Conclusion

The prolonged use of Ambien, or zolpidem, for a decade raises significant considerations regarding its efficacy, safety, and potential long-term effects. While Ambien can effectively manage insomnia in the short term, extended usage may lead to tolerance, dependence, and withdrawal symptoms upon cessation. Moreover, the risk of adverse effects, such as cognitive impairment, drowsiness, and dependency, increases with prolonged use. It is imperative for individuals who have been taking Ambien for ten years or longer to regularly reassess their treatment plan with healthcare providers, explore alternative therapies, and consider lifestyle modifications to address underlying sleep issues. Open communication with healthcare professionals is essential to mitigate risks and ensure the ongoing management of insomnia in a safe and sustainable manner.

Authoritative References:

1. National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA). (2020). Prescription CNS Depressants DrugFacts.
Retrieved from: https://nida.nih.gov/publications/drugfacts/prescription-cns-depressants

2. Mayo Clinic. (2023). Zolpidem (Oral Route) – Proper Use and Precautions.
Available at: https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/zolpidem-oral-route/precautions/drg-20061195

3. American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM). (2022). Clinical Practice Guideline for the Pharmacologic Treatment of Chronic Insomnia in Adults.
DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.8988

Is Your Child’s Screen Time a Problem? What Parents Need to Know

By
Isreal Olabanji DST RN
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0

First came the television. Remember the times your parents told you to move farther from the screen and reduce screen time so you wouldn’t ruin your eyesight?

Little did they know about the things that are about to come next – desktop computers, laptops, smartphones, and tablets.

As a parent, you want your child to be the best that he or she can be, and to be safe, comfortable, and well at all times. And although you wouldn’t want to deprive kids of access to their gizmos, you are worried about the potential long-term adverse side effects of these, especially to their eyesight. Or is there really a cause for concern?

According to Common Sense Media, a non-profit organization that seeks to promote safe technology and media for children, the amount of screen time for children hasn’t changed dramatically. However, there has been a massive shift in the platform, from television to mobile devices.

The non-profit organization adds that kids as young as two years old spend as much as two and a half hours in front of a screen.

But is there really a cause for concern for parents?

Key Facts: Kids and Screen Time

1. What’s the Concern?

Children today are exposed to screens more than ever before—TVs, tablets, smartphones—which can affect their attention span, sleep, and physical activity.

2. Health Risks Involved:

Too much screen time is linked to behavioral issues, sleep disruption, obesity, and developmental delays, especially in toddlers and young children.

3. Expert Guidelines:

The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends no screen time for children under 18 months, and a maximum of 1 hour per day of high-quality programming for ages 2–5.

4. Educational vs. Passive Use:

Not all screen time is harmful. Educational programs, video calls with family, or interactive learning apps can be beneficial when monitored and used in moderation.

5. Parental Role is Key:

Setting time limits, co-viewing content, and modeling healthy device use are crucial in helping kids build a balanced relationship with technology.

Screen time and vision

All around the world, the cases of myopia or nearsightedness have steadily increased since the Seventies. According to the American Academy of Ophthalmology, this can be attributed to the significant increase in the time people spend indoors, most notably adults who work in an office, and less outdoors playtime and sport done in schools.

The organization stresses that screen time is not the only culprit for this alarming trend. It also added that reading books could adversely affect eyesight for both adults and young kids.

That, however, does not mean that your kids should have unlimited screen time.

Side effects of prolonged screen time

Prolonged screen time affects both children and adults. Here are some of these adverse side effects that you should know:

Eyes

Spending a substantial amount of time working in front of the computer or playing games on a phone or tablet can lead to nearsightedness. Experts believe that spending ample time outdoors and getting enough sunlight help in the development of healthy eyes. In short, the more you and your child spend indoors in front of a screen, the more you deprive yourselves of sunlight, which is vital to eye health.

Prolonged screen time can also lead to eye fatigue, dry and irritated eyes. When you are engrossed with what’s on the screen, the less likely you will be aware of how much time has passed. Plus, you and your child may not be blinking as much as you ought to.

Sleep

Spending too much time in front of a screen, be it a computer monitor or smart device screen means overexposure to blue light. This can dramatically alter a person’s circadian rhythm. Furthermore, if a child plays video games or watches movies on a device, it may be difficult for him/her to transition to sleep.

 

Other side effects

Too much screen time may also lead to other problems in our bodies. These can include headaches, and neck and shoulder pain. Excessive screen time can also lead to irritability, poor academic performance, reduction in attention span, and even poor behavior at home or at school.

 

A quick word on blue light

Computer monitors and gadgets emit a diverse array of light rays, most of which are harmless. However, one cause of concern parents should know about is blue light.

Compared to other light spectrums, blue light has higher energy and shorter wavelengths. Experts suggest that blue light can prove to be harmful to the retina.

Furthermore, excessive exposure to blue light alters one’s circadian rhythm which interferes with a person’s sleeping and waking cycle. Over the long term, this disruption can lead to a host of health concerns.

Long-term risks

Since smart devices have not been around for a long time, scientists are still in the dark about the possible long-term effects of too much screen time. It may take a few more years, decades even before long-term effects begin to emerge.

However, it may be wise to err on the side of caution and put limits on your child’s device usage and screen time now.

Limiting screen time

Indeed, smart devices have their value, apart from entertainment. Some students use their phones and tablets for research related to their homework or assignments. So how do you find a happy balance? Here are a few suggestions for parents.

 

Before anything else, you should set a good example. Your child will soon realize that the rules you set up are insincere if you are going to be the first to break them. Remember, children often model their behaviour from the adults around them.

Set a limit to screen time and encourage your child to adhere to that.

Create device-free zones. It can be the dinner table or the family room. But if there is one place that should be device-free at all times, that should be your kid’s bedroom.

Encourage your child to spend more time outdoors and participate in outdoor sports, especially during the daytime. This will help preserve his eye health as well as provide opportunities for interactive play and Team sport.

Require regular breaks from screen use. This will help prevent eye fatigue and other vision-related issues.

Get your child’s eyes examined yearly

The symptoms of eye fatigue and strain are relatively easy for parents to recognize. However, vision problems require the expertise of eye care professionals who know how to do the relevant tests.

According to the American Optometric Association, children should get their eyes checked annually as part of a comprehensive health exam. According to the AOA, children aged six and above should get their eyes checked every year so that hidden problems can be diagnosed early on.

There is a right time and place for everything, including the usage of smart devices. Although you do not have to deprive your child of the enjoyment of the devices, you should establish rules that will help avoid the side effects associated with too much screen time.

AUTHOR BIO

Dr Millicent M. Grim, Specialist Ophthalmologist & LASIK Specialist, is the Medical Director of Gulf Eye Center in Dubai. Since 2002, Gulf Eye Center’s highly qualified ophthalmologists and optometrists/ODs have been successfully treating a wide range of eye conditions using advanced techniques. They also provide comprehensive eye care and vision restoration procedures for people of all ages.

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Polysporin vs Neosporin: Which Antibiotic Ointment Is Best?

By
Wisdom Bassey
-
0
is polysporin better than neosporin

Neosporin is a compound medication comprising neomycin, bacitracin, and polymyxin, antibiotics designed to halt bacterial growth. Its effectiveness is limited to bacterial skin infections, excluding those caused by fungi or viruses.

Key Facts: Polysporin vs Neosporin

▪️Ingredient Differences
Polysporin contains bacitracin and polymyxin B, while Neosporin adds neomycin, making it a triple-antibiotic ointment .

▪️Allergy Considerations
Neomycin is a common allergen—many users prone to contact dermatitis may prefer Polysporin for its simpler formula .

▪️Infection Coverage
Neosporin offers broader antibacterial spectrum thanks to neomycin, which can be helpful for burns or high-risk wounds. Polysporin still works well for minor cuts and scrapes .

▪️Ocular Use
Neither ointment should be used in the eyes—only ophthalmic-specific formulations are safe. Using skin ointment in the eye may be harmful .

▪️Clinical Similarity
Studies show no significant difference in healing outcomes between Polysporin and Neosporin in minor wound care .

Primarily, this medication serves to prevent and address minor skin infections resulting from small cuts, scrapes, or burns. It can be obtained over-the-counter for self-administration.

What is Polysporin?

Polysporin is a combined medication employed in the treatment of skin infections. Comprising Polymyxin and bacitracin, it is effective against various infections, including infected wounds, burns, skin grafts, boils, and acne. Additionally, it can prevent catheter-related infections in individuals undergoing hemodialysis. The mechanism of action involves the eradication of bacteria responsible for these infections.

How should I use Polysporin?

Apply the Polysporin ointment to the affected area 1 to 3 times daily as instructed. Follow your doctor’s guidance regarding whether to cover the area with a dressing or leave it exposed. Avoid using the ointment in the eyes. Various factors, including body weight, other medical conditions, and concurrent medications, can influence the required dosage. If your doctor prescribes a different dosage from those mentioned here, refrain from altering your medication regimen without consulting your doctor.

How should I use Neosporin?

Neosporin is intended solely for skin application. Adhere to all instructions provided on the product packaging or as directed by your physician. Should you have any inquiries, consult your doctor or pharmacist.

Begin by cleansing and drying the affected skin area. If using the ointment, wash your hands beforehand. Apply a small quantity of the medication (no more than what can fit on your fingertip) in a thin layer onto the skin, gently massaging it in, typically 1 to 3 times daily. Remember to wash your hands after applying the ointment. For the spray, ensure to shake the container well prior to use, then spray a small amount onto the affected area as instructed, generally 1 to 3 times a day. For small treatment areas, sterile bandages may be used.

Avoid excessive application or prolonged use of this medication beyond the directed duration. Overuse will not expedite healing but may elevate the risk of side effects. Refrain from using this product for over 1 week unless otherwise instructed by your doctor. Do not apply this medication to irritated skin in a child’s diaper area unless directed by a physician. After application in the diaper area, avoid using tight-fitting diapers or plastic pants.

Take care to prevent contact with the eyes, nose, or mouth. In case of accidental contact, wipe off the medication and rinse thoroughly with water.

Read Also: 5 Routine Health Screenings For Every Woman In Their 40s

Can I Put Neosporin On My Private Area As A Woman?

Neosporin is not recommended for use in the genital area due to the potential for allergic reactions and disruption of the vaginal microflora, particularly in women. The vaginal flora is primarily composed of lactobacillus species, which play a crucial role in maintaining vaginal health by producing lactic acid and hydrogen peroxide, among other substances, that inhibit the growth of harmful organisms like yeast.

The presence of antibiotics in medications like Neosporin can lead to rapid changes in the vaginal microbiome, causing a decrease in lactobacilli. This disruption not only poses discomfort but also increases susceptibility to conditions such as HIV and other sexually transmitted infections.

However, women can apply Neosporin ointments to minor cuts in the outer areas around the vulva and labia, as long as it’s used with caution and under appropriate circumstances.

Pros and Cons of neosporin vs polysporin

Neosporin:

Pros:

  • Contains Neomycin
  • Additional Ingredients
  • Widely Available

Cons:

  • Potential for Allergic Reactions
  • Not for All Areas
  • Overuse Concerns

Polysporin:

Pros:

  • Contains Bacitracin and Polymyxin B
  • Less Risk of Allergic Reactions
  • Effective for Minor Wounds and Infections

Cons:

  • Limited Availability
  • Fewer Ingredients
  • Potential for Resistance

Differences Between neosporin vs polysporin and sulindac

Neosporin:

Neosporin contains neomycin, bacitracin, and polymyxin B, which are antibiotics effective against a wide range of bacteria.

Polysporin:

Polysporin contains bacitracin and polymyxin B, providing broad-spectrum coverage against bacterial infections.

Sulindac:

Unlike Neosporin and Polysporin, sulindac is typically available by prescription and is not used topically but rather taken orally in the form of tablets or capsules.

Can I Put Neosporin On My Private Area As a Man?

Applying Neosporin to the male genital area without medical supervision may lead to undesirable effects. Treatment for issues and conditions in this area depends on the underlying cause, and it’s essential to consult a doctor for proper diagnosis and treatment.

In some cases, a doctor may prescribe a specific cream to alleviate symptoms and address the underlying condition. Certain skin infections or wounds in the male genital area may heal on their own if the affected area is kept clean and dry. However, it’s crucial to seek medical advice for appropriate management and care.

What is the difference between Polysporin and Neosporin?

The primary contrast between Polysporin and Neosporin lies in the inclusion of an additional ingredient, neomycin, in Neosporin. Neomycin is primarily utilized topically for treating superficial infections, encompassing infections from staphylococci and gram-negative bacilli, either alone or in combination.

Moreover, there exists a discrepancy in the quantities of bacitracin and polymyxin, two common constituents in both ointments. Neosporin comprises 400 units of Bacitracin, whereas Polysporin contains 500 units of the same active ingredient. Furthermore, Polysporin contains 10,000 units of Polymyxin B Sulfate, whereas Neosporin contains only 5,000 units.

Polysporin vs Neosporin: which is better for me?

While Neosporin is often preferred over Polysporin Original due to the presence of neomycin sulfate, which has demonstrated efficacy as a bactericidal agent, particularly for ocular use and against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus, it’s important to note that Polysporin Complete offers advantages over Neosporin due to its additional ingredients.

Neomycin’s effectiveness against Proteus vulgaris surpasses that of polymyxin, and its inclusion in Neosporin is complemented by moisturizing and skin-healing oils found in its formulation.

However, it’s noteworthy that Polysporin Complete surpasses Neosporin due to its broader array of ingredients. The comprehensive composition of Polysporin Complete enhances its effectiveness, making it a superior choice in certain cases.

Conclusion

While Neosporin and similar over-the-counter medications can be effective for treating minor skin infections and wounds in certain areas of the body, including the outer regions around the genital area in women, they are not recommended for use in the genital area without medical supervision, especially in men. The delicate balance of the genital microflora and the potential for allergic reactions make it essential to seek professional guidance when addressing issues in this sensitive region.

Understanding the underlying cause of any genital discomfort or skin condition is crucial for proper treatment and management. Consulting a healthcare provider ensures that appropriate measures are taken to promote healing and prevent complications. Remember, maintaining good hygiene and seeking medical advice when needed are key components of genital health and overall well-being.

Authoritative References

1. Neosporin Official Site – Overview of antibiotic combinations vs Polysporin

2. Drugs.com – Polysporin contains bacitracin & polymyxin B; Neosporin adds neomycin

3. GoodRx / PharmD Review – Ingredient breakdown and allergy guidance

4. StackedSkincare – Recommends Polysporin for facial use due to lower allergenic risk

5. Verywell Health – Warnings about using skin ointments in eyes; use ophthalmic versions only

6. Journal Study (LWW) – Healing effectiveness: no major difference found between these ointments

Can You Eat Bananas on Valsartan? Potassium & Hyperkalemia Explained

By
Wisdom Bassey
-
0
can you eat bananas while taking valsartan

Valsartan, known by the brand name Diovan, belongs to a class of medications called angiotensin II receptor blockers, often abbreviated as ARBs. It is prescribed for the management of high blood pressure (hypertension) in both adult and pediatric patients aged one year and above. By reducing blood pressure, Valsartan can potentially decrease the likelihood of experiencing a stroke or heart attack. Additionally, in adults, Valsartan is utilized to treat heart failure and diminish the chances of hospitalization and mortality following a heart attack.

Key Facts: Bananas & Valsartan Interaction

▪️Hyperkalemia Risk from ARBs
Valsartan and other angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) may increase blood potassium levels (hyperkalemia)—eating potassium-rich foods like bananas should be approached with caution .

▪️Eat Bananas in Moderation
Occasional banana consumption is generally safe with normal kidney function—but large or frequent intake of potassium-heavy foods can elevate potassium levels .

▪️Monitor Potassium Levels
Healthcare providers typically conduct blood tests to monitor potassium, especially for patients with kidney issues or taking potassium supplements .

▪️Watch for Hyperkalemia Symptoms
Symptoms include muscle cramps, weakness, irregular heartbeat, nausea, chest pain, and tingling in extremities. Seek medical care immediately if these arise .

▪️Limit Other Potassium Sources
In addition to bananas, other high-potassium foods—e.g., oranges, avocados, potatoes, tomatoes, dried fruits, and salt substitutes—should be consumed carefully .

How should this medicine be used?

Valsartan is available in tablet and suspension forms for oral administration. When used to treat high blood pressure, it is typically taken once daily with or without food. For heart failure or heart attack treatment, it is usually taken twice daily with or without food. Consistency in timing is important; aim to take Valsartan at the same time(s) every day. Adhere closely to the instructions on your prescription label, and seek clarification from your doctor or pharmacist if needed. Take Valsartan exactly as prescribed; avoid altering the dosage or frequency without medical guidance.

Before each use, shake the suspension vigorously for at least 10 seconds to ensure uniform distribution of the medication.

It’s essential to stick to the specific Valsartan product prescribed by your doctor, as different formulations have varying release mechanisms in the body and are not interchangeable unless instructed otherwise. Typically, Valsartan suspension is recommended for children under 5 years old or individuals unable to swallow tablets.

Your doctor may initiate Valsartan at a low dose and gradually adjust it based on your response.

While Valsartan effectively manages high blood pressure and heart failure, it does not cure these conditions. Blood pressure may start to decrease within the initial 2 weeks of treatment, but it may take up to 4 weeks to experience the full therapeutic effects. Even if you feel well, continue taking Valsartan as prescribed; do not discontinue it without consulting your doctor.

You can request a copy of the manufacturer’s patient information leaflet from your pharmacist or doctor.

Potential Side Effects of Valsartan

Like any medication, Valsartan carries potential side effects. While not everyone experiences them, it’s important to recognize possible reactions. Common side effects include dizziness, lightheadedness, fatigue, cough, and headaches. If these side effects persist or worsen, it’s essential to contact a healthcare provider.

In rare instances, Valsartan may trigger severe side effects requiring immediate medical attention. These include allergic reactions, difficulty breathing, swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat, as well as signs of kidney problems such as decreased urination or changes in urine color. Seeking medical help is crucial if any of these symptoms arise.

Moreover, individuals should disclose any pre-existing medical conditions, allergies, or medications to healthcare providers, as they may interact with Valsartan, affecting its efficacy or increasing the risk of side effects. It’s advisable to refrain from alcohol consumption while taking Valsartan, as it could further lower blood pressure and raise the risk of dizziness or fainting.

In summary, Valsartan is a medication pivotal in managing high blood pressure, heart failure, and enhancing survival rates post-heart attack. By understanding its uses, administration, and potential side effects, individuals can make informed decisions and collaborate closely with healthcare professionals to ensure the safe and effective use of Valsartan.

Read Also: Enhancing Sexual Health with Bananas: The Surprising Benefits

Pros and Cons of valsartan and bananas

Pros of Valsartan:

  • Blood Pressure Management
  • Heart Failure Treatment
  • Kidney Protection

Cons of Valsartan:

  • Potential Side Effects
  • Interaction with Other Medications
  • Risk of Hyperkalemia

Pros of Bananas:

  • Rich in Nutrients
  • Heart Health
  • Digestive Health
  • Convenient and Portable

Cons of Bananas:

  • High in Sugar
  • Potential for Allergies
  • Risk of Hyperkalemia

Differences Between valsartan and bananas

Valsartan

Valsartan is a medication classified as an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB). It is primarily used to treat conditions such as high blood pressure (hypertension), heart failure, and to improve survival rates after a heart attack.

Bananas:

Bananas are a type of fruit known for their high potassium content and nutritional value. They are commonly consumed as a food source and are incorporated into various dishes and snacks.

Alternative to valsartan and bananas

Alternatives to Valsartan (for blood pressure and heart health):

Other Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs):

There are several other ARBs available, including losartan, irbesartan, candesartan, and olmesartan. These medications work similarly to Valsartan in lowering blood pressure and managing heart conditions.

Alternatives to Bananas (for potassium and nutrition):

Other Potassium-Rich Foods:

If you’re looking to maintain adequate potassium levels, consider incorporating other potassium-rich foods into your diet such as potatoes, sweet potatoes, spinach, avocado, tomatoes, oranges, and melons.

What you should Know about Bananas

Bananas are widely recognized for their potassium content; however, according to the MyPlate guidelines from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, their nutritional value extends far beyond that. This fruit is abundant in various vitamins and minerals crucial for maintaining health, positioning them as one of the world’s most sought-after superfoods.

As per USDA calculations, based on a 2,000-calorie diet, a medium-sized banana contains a mere 105 calories. Despite being considered a healthy snack, bananas sometimes receive criticism due to their relatively high carbohydrate content: 27 grams for a medium-sized banana.

During illness, bananas serve as an excellent food choice. They offer a soft and mild texture while being rich in nutrients and providing quick-acting carbohydrates. Moreover, the potassium found in bananas aids in replenishing electrolyte levels, playing a pivotal role as one of the essential electrolytes required by the body.

Can I take Valsartan and Bananas Together?

It’s advisable to limit or avoid taking Valsartan and bananas together due to their high potassium content. This combination can lead to the retention of excess potassium in the body, which would normally be eliminated by the kidneys.

While potassium is essential for health, excessive intake of this nutrient can be detrimental. Ordinarily, the kidneys maintain a healthy potassium balance by excreting any excess. When Valsartan and bananas elevate potassium levels in the blood, it can result in hyperkalemia, or high potassium levels.

According to the Mayo Clinic, the normal potassium range is typically between 3.6 and 5.2 millimoles per liter (mmol/L) of blood. Potassium levels exceeding 5.5 mmol/L are considered critically high, and levels surpassing 6 mmol/L can pose life-threatening risks. There might be slight variations in these ranges depending on the laboratory.

Whether hyperkalemia is mild or severe, seeking prompt medical attention is crucial to prevent potential complications.

Conclusion

While Valsartan and bananas individually offer distinct health benefits, caution is warranted when considering their combination due to the high potassium content present in both. Potassium plays a crucial role in bodily functions, but excessive levels, known as hyperkalemia, can lead to serious complications. Therefore, it is advisable to limit or avoid consuming bananas while taking Valsartan to prevent potential imbalances in potassium levels and associated health risks.

Additionally, consulting healthcare professionals for personalized guidance regarding dietary restrictions and medication management is essential for maintaining optimal health and well-being. By being mindful of potential interactions between Valsartan and bananas, individuals can make informed decisions to support their overall health goals while minimizing the risk of adverse effects.

Authoritative References

1. Drugs.com (Aliskiren/Valsartan Food Interactions): “Ask your doctor if it is necessary for you to limit consumption of potassium-rich foods such as … bananas”

2. MedShadow – Food-Drug Interactions: Warns ARB users to avoid large amounts of potassium-heavy foods like bananas

3. GoodRx/MedTherapy – Valsartan Q&A: Lists bananas and similar foods as ones to be cautious with when taking valsartan

4. Marley Drug – Valsartan Guide: Advises limiting intake of potassium-rich foods and monitoring blood tests

5. NHS – Common Questions About Valsartan: States salt substitutes high in potassium should be avoided with valsartan

Post-SSRI Sexual Dysfunction: Causes, Reddit Insights & Treatment Options

By
Wisdom Bassey
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0
post ssri sexual dysfunction treatment reddit

Post-SSRI sexual dysfunction, abbreviated as PSSD, manifests in individuals after discontinuing antidepressants. The exact prevalence remains unknown due to limited research, partly attributed to inconsistencies in medical community perspectives on diagnosis. Despite this, existing research suggests its widespread occurrence.

Key Facts: Post‑SSRI Sexual Dysfunction (PSSD)

▪️What is PSSD?
PSSD refers to persistent sexual side effects—such as reduced libido, genital numbness, erectile dysfunction, and anorgasmia—that last ≥3 months after stopping SSRIs or SNRIs. It was formally recognized by the European Medicines Agency in 2019 .

▪️How common is it?
Prevalence is uncertain, with estimates like 1 in 216 users, but data is limited and underreporting likely .

▪️Symptoms & Duration:
Symptoms may include emotional blunting, genital numbness, loss of sensation, and pleasureless orgasms. Cases have persisted anywhere from months to decades—and even permanently .

▪️Evidence from Reddit:

> “For the vast majority it does come back…but for a small minority it can remain longer term.”
Many report partial or delayed recovery, with others experiencing permanent PSSD .

▪️Treatment & Coping Approaches:
No definitive cure exists, but possible interventions include switching to bupropion, adding PDE inhibitors (e.g., sildenafil), cognitive behavioral therapy, lifestyle modifications, supplements, and neuromodulation .

▪️Research & Support:
The PSSD Network actively funds research and hosts community support (Subreddit ~16.5k members). Ongoing studies target epigenetics, neuroplasticity, and microbiome impacts .

While some encounter sexual side effects while on SSRIs, PSSD refers to a prolonged condition affecting those who have ceased medication. Professor David Healy from Bangor University, an expert in psychology, highlights the condition’s prevalence.

He notes that about 10 percent of sexually active individuals in developed countries chronically use antidepressants, potentially leaving nearly 20 percent of the population unable to engage in satisfying intimacy. He emphasizes that this figure may be higher in certain disadvantaged areas.

He also warns against the misconception of returning to normalcy post-treatment, suggesting that individuals prescribed SSRIs may experience even greater difficulties functioning.

Healy’s research outlines core PSSD features such as genital numbing, diminished or muted orgasms, and loss of libido. Additional concerns include emotional numbing and derealization. Despite people reporting symptoms to regulators since 1999, PSSD was officially documented in medical literature in 2006.

In nearly all cases, individuals with PSSD experienced some form of sexual dysfunction while taking antidepressants and continue to do so after discontinuation.

Certified psychotherapist Alessio Rizzo emphasizes the importance of recognizing PSSD early, understanding its complexity, and acknowledging it as a significant factor in individuals ceasing antidepressant medication, potentially exacerbating symptoms alongside withdrawal.

Who is most affected by PSSD?

PSSD can impact anyone, as sexual dysfunction itself can affect individuals across all genders, ages, and ethnicities, without clear correlations to conventional parameters. Alessio Rizzo notes that the condition does not seem to be associated with specific demographic factors, emphasizing its broad-reaching nature.

Rizzo further explains that individuals more susceptible to depression and anxiety, such as those in the LGBTQ community, are not predetermined to experience mental health issues. However, they may face a higher likelihood of developing conditions like depression and anxiety.

He cautions against pathologizing dysfunction exclusively as a concern for the LGBTQ community and sexual abuse survivors, as this could deter individuals who don’t identify with these experiences from seeking help.

Prior to taking antidepressants, approximately 30-50 percent of people experience mild forms of sexual dysfunction. This implies that pre-existing symptoms could be intensified by medication.

Additionally, it raises the possibility that factors beyond antidepressants, such as pain, sensitivity, and past trauma, may contribute to the dysregulation of the sexual response cycle. These factors collectively are referred to as predispositions.

Read Also: Benefits of Guava leaves sexually

Pros and Cons of Post-SSRI Sexual Dysfunction

Pros of Post-SSRI Sexual Dysfunction (PSSD)

  • Increased Awareness
  • Research Opportunities
  • Holistic Approach

Cons of Post-SSRI Sexual Dysfunction (PSSD)

  • Negative Impact on Quality of Life
  • Limited Treatment Options
  • Stigmatization of Antidepressants
  • Underreported and Understudied

Differences Between Post-SSRI Sexual Dysfunction and focalin

PSSD

SSRIs are prescribed to alleviate symptoms of mood disorders by increasing serotonin levels in the brain.

Focalin

Focalin is prescribed to manage symptoms of ADHD by increasing the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain.

Alternative to Post-SSRI Sexual Dysfunction

Switching Antidepressants

In some cases, a healthcare provider may consider switching to a different class of antidepressant that is less likely to cause sexual side effects. Bupropion is an example of an antidepressant that may have a lower risk of sexual dysfunction.

Sexual dysfunction of any kind can be a tremendously isolating experience.

Taking a holistic approach to the healing process is crucial, recognizing that while medications contribute to mood stabilization, talk therapies like Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) play a pivotal role in supporting healing. CBT helps modify thought pathways through neuroplasticity, enabling individuals with pre-existing symptoms or predispositions to sexual dysfunction to identify and address disruptions in their pleasure response cycle in a safe environment.

Discussing sexual issues often invokes feelings of shame, compounded by cultural stigmas surrounding mental health and sexuality. A study by the National Library of Medicine reveals that young people, in particular, may experience shame when discussing sexual experiences, especially if problems are involved. Consequently, any form of sexual dysfunction becomes an isolating experience, intensifying internal turmoil, exacerbated by the corrosive effects of depression and anxiety on self-esteem.

SSRIs, by increasing serotonin levels in the brain, impact the anatomical structures of the reproductive system. This can lead to difficulties such as the inability to maintain or achieve an erection, vaginal dryness, ejaculation issues, and anorgasmia. The inhibition of nitric oxide production by SSRIs significantly affects the body’s ability to relax, hindering blood flow to the genitals.

PSSD is a distressing condition without a currently established treatment. The syndrome lacks widespread understanding among researchers, with no consensus on its origins. The hope lies in future research, exploring potential answers in individuals who do not develop PSSD. Only time will reveal if such insights emerge from ongoing investigations.

Sexual Dysfunction Symptoms may include:

  • Diminished genital sensation, often referred to as genital anesthesia
  • Erectile dysfunction in males or decreased vaginal lubrication in females
  • Delayed or inability to achieve orgasm, known as anorgasmia
  • Experiencing pleasureless, weak, or “muted” orgasms
  • Reduced libido or sexual desire
  • Attenuated response to sexual stimuli
  • Decreased or absence of nocturnal erections
  • Premature ejaculation, a condition where climax occurs too quickly
  • Reduced sensitivity in nipple areas
  • Softening of the glans (head of the penis) or loss of penile/clitoral size

Cognitive/other symptoms may include

  • Diminished intensity of emotions, especially in the context of romantic love
  • Anhedonia, characterized by an inability to experience pleasure in various aspects of life
  • Memory loss or difficulties with recall
  • Sleep-related problems or disturbances
  • Depersonalization, a sense of detachment from oneself
  • Reduced drive or motivation to engage in activities
  • Loss of creativity, marked by a decline in imaginative and inventive thinking
  • Difficulty maintaining focus or concentration

Conclusion

The impact of Post-SSRI Sexual Dysfunction (PSSD) extends beyond the physical realm, affecting various aspects of an individual’s emotional and psychological well-being. The wide array of symptoms, ranging from reduced genital sensation to diminished intensity of emotions, highlights the complexity of this condition. Taking a holistic approach to healing becomes imperative, incorporating not only medical interventions but also therapeutic strategies such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) to address the intricate interplay between mood, cognition, and sexual function.

Moreover, the stigma surrounding sexual health and mental well-being, coupled with the isolating nature of sexual dysfunction, underscores the importance of fostering open conversations and reducing societal taboos. It is crucial to recognize that PSSD can impact individuals across diverse demographics, emphasizing the need for inclusive and empathetic healthcare practices.

As research continues to delve into the understanding and treatment of PSSD, the journey toward effective solutions remains ongoing. The hope lies in future investigations that may shed light on the mechanisms behind PSSD, paving the way for targeted therapies and support for those grappling with this distressing condition. Until then, raising awareness, promoting dialogue, and offering comprehensive care are essential steps in alleviating the challenges faced by individuals affected by PSSD.

Reference

1. NCBI PMC – “Estimating risk of irreversible PSSD…” : Documents EMA recognition, symptom duration up to 16 years
2. Wikipedia – PSSD entry: Details diagnostic criteria, prevailing symptoms, and contested classification
3. PubMed (Sex Med Rev) – “Sexual Consequences of Post‑SSRI Syndrome”: Evidence for persistent dysfunction and need for more research
4. PSSD Network – Official organization: Community size, ongoing research, support groups
5. Reddit Users (r/antidepressants) – Peer experiences: “Watchful waiting is effective in ~10%… switching to bupropion preferred”
Reddit (r/malementalhealth) – Testimony: “SSRI for only 3 weeks…no emotions, lost high sex drive… zero pleasure or feeling”

How to clean your teeth – 9 Step-by-Step Guide

By
Isreal Olabanji DST RN
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0
how to clean your teeth

Brush your teeth two times a day with the right fluoride toothpaste to keep them clean and mouth healthy.

Key Facts: Cleaning Your Teeth Properly

▪️Brush Twice Daily for 2 Minutes
Use fluoride toothpaste and a soft-bristled brush. Use gentle, circular motions and cover all tooth surfaces.

▪️Floss Once a Day
Flossing removes plaque and food between teeth where a toothbrush can’t reach. Essential for gum health and cavity prevention.

▪️Use Mouthwash Wisely
Antibacterial mouthwash helps reduce plaque and freshen breath, but shouldn’t replace brushing or flossing.

▪️Brush Your Tongue
The tongue harbors bacteria that cause bad breath. A gentle brush or scraper can improve freshness and oral health.

▪️Replace Your Toothbrush Regularly
Swap out your toothbrush every 3–4 months, or sooner if the bristles are frayed. Old brushes are less effective at cleaning.

Plaque is a film of bacteria that covers your teeth if you don’t clean your teeth very well. It contributes to gum disease and Cavities.

Tooth brushing gets rid of plaque build-up and harmful bacteria in your mouth. Be certain that you brush every surface of your teeth.

When should I brush my teeth?

Brushing twice daily is very important for your dental health. As advised, two minutes brushing in the morning and last thing before going to bed. Your dentist or hygenist will enlighten you more on how to clean your teeth.

How to Clean Your Teeth – The Proper Brushing Technique Step By Step

 

  1. Prepare your toothbrush.

How To Clean Your Teeth - 9 Step-By-Step Guide

 

Before you can brush your teeth and clean your teeth in the morning, you have to use dental floss to remove the food particles from your teeth. Flossing is a very important aspect of the proper brushing technique, yet often neglected, part of oral health. It might be a painful experience at first, especially if you aren’t in the habit of regularly flossing, but try to make it a part of your daily practice. Dental floss is able to reach the tiny crevices between your teeth that of a toothbrush can’t. If you make flossing a habit, you will definitely notice a difference in the way your mouth feels.

Once you’ve finished flossing, wet your toothbrush with water and apply a thin strip of toothpaste. If you’ve been to the toothpaste store, you can get varieties of fluoridated toothpaste that are available. It all depends on your own taste, but try to use one that contains fluoride, which protects the teeth against cavities and tooth decay.

  1. Start in the back if you want to clean your teeth properly

How To Clean Your Teeth - 9 Step-By-Step Guide

 

Begin with your upper molars, or your back teeth third molar, on your right side of your mouth and brush in a clockwise direction. Point the bristles toward the gum line at a 45-degree angle and brush using short and circular motions for about 20 seconds.

  1. Rollaway to clean your teeth

How To Clean Your Teeth - 9 Step-By-Step Guide

After you have a brush that very side for about 20 seconds, roll the brush towards the gum line so the bristles sweep the surface of the tooth, removing plaque and food particles in the process.

  1. Brush in a clockwise direction.

How To Clean Your Teeth - 9 Step-By-Step Guide

 

Continue brushing in a clockwise direction, finishing up with the lower molars on the other side of your mouth.

Repeat steps two and three for the inside surfaces of the upper and lower molars teeth.

 

  1. Brush behind the upper front teeth.

How To Clean Your Teeth - 9 Step-By-Step Guide

 

Brush the back, the surface of the upper front teeth by using the tip of the toothbrush head. Direct the bristles toward the gum line and use a flicking motion down the surface of the tooth. Repeat this two or three times for a more thorough cleaning.

 

  1. Brush behind the lower front teeth.

How To Clean Your Teeth - 9 Step-By-Step Guide

 

Point the bristles of the tip of the toothbrush toward the gum line and flick the bristles up and away from the gum line in a sweeping motion. Repeat this step two or three more times.

  1. Brush the top surfaces of the teeth.

How To Clean Your Teeth - 9 Step-By-Step Guide

 

Brush the top, biting surfaces of the upper and lower premolars and molars using a circular motion.

  1. Brush the tongue and the insides of the cheeks.

How To Clean Your Teeth - 9 Step-By-Step Guide

 

Teeth aren’t the only things in your mouth that need to be cleaned. Your tongue, the roof of your mouth and the insides of your cheeks must be clean too.can also hold onto food particles, plaque, and bacteria that make your breath smell. Just like your teeth, they deserve a good cleaning. With a gentle, circular motion, thoroughly brush your tongue, the insides of your cheeks and the roof of your mouth.

 

  1. Finish up with a rinse.

 

Rinse your mouth with water or your choice of mouthwash. Have a good smile!

Should I use an electric or manual toothbrush?

It doesn’t matter whether you use an electric or manual toothbrush to clean your teeth they are all good, as long as you brush all the inside and outside of your teeth with fluoride toothpaste.

Both toothbrushes work very well but most people find electric toothbrush a lot easier and convenient to clean teeth.

How To Clean Your Teeth - Step-By-Step Guide

Related reading:

How to choose the right kind of toothbrush to clean your teeth?

For most people, soft and medium bristles with a small head will work just fine for cleaning your teeth.

If you use an electric toothbrush, one with an oscillating or rotating head may work very well than manual ones. Whichever one you choose to use make sure you brush the surface of your teeth twice daily. This is more important than the type of toothbrush you choose to use. For more information, see a dentist.

Which Toothpaste Type is Best for You to Clean Your Teeth?

It is advisable to use a reasonable amount of toothpaste to clean your teeth.

Check the label of your toothpaste before buying one or the ingredient before purchasing online.

  • Recommended adult usage Is at least 1,350 parts per million (ppm) fluoride.
  • You don’t have to get a special kind of toothpaste for your kids. Everybody in the family can use the regular toothpaste as long as it contains 1,350 to 1,500ppm fluoride. If your kids are under the age of six years you can use a lower fluoride children’s toothpaste that contains at least 1,000ppm.
  • Children under age three need a smear of toothpaste. Children aged three to six years should use a pea-sized blob of toothpaste. Also, you need to help or supervised your kids not to swallow or lick the toothpaste.

Your dental hygenist will enlighten you more on the right concentration of fluoride your kids need.

This Infographic explains: Which Toothpaste Type is Best for You?

How to help children brush their teeth

As always, we advise that you should not let your children under the age of 7 years brush their teeth alone without helping and enlighten them on how to floss and brush properly.

Get more tips on brushing children’s teeth

Don’t rinse with water straight after toothbrushing

Not yet, don’t rinse your mouth with water after cleaning your teeth instead, split out excess toothpaste. This we help the concentrated fluoride toothpaste on your teeth to last longer.

If you dilute your mouth with water straight after brushing your teeth, it reduces the preventative effects of the fluoride.

When to use Mouthwashes: Before or after brushing?

Mouthwash with fluoride ingredient is very good to prevent cavities. But it has to be 10 minutes after brushing to prevent the fluoride toothpaste left on your teeth from washing off.

You can use your mouth wash in another time such as after lunch hour.

After using your fluoride mouth wash, don’t eat and drink anything for 30 minutes.

Here are a few tips on the correct flossing technique

Flossing isn’t just for removing food particles between teeth.

If you floss regularly, it can help you reduce gum disease and bad breath by getting rid of the plaque around your gum line.

The best way to use floss is before brushing.

  • Your floss must be up to 18 inches long (about 45cm)  to be able to grasp it very well between your hands.
  • Gently slide the floss or dental tape between your teeth and gums line, as long as you want.
  • Floss with 8 to 10 strokes in an up and down direction between each and every tooth that is present, to remove the food particles and the plaque.

Read about why it’s important to floss.

How to use interdental brushes to clean your teeth

If there is a gap between your teeth you can use interdental brushes, as it fits well between your teeth. You should avoid toothpicks at all cost because it can damage your gums, and may lead to tooth infection if you used it to remove food debris between your teeth.

For further knowledge your hygienist we enlighten you on how to use interdental cleaning for your teeth. [mfn]http://nigdentalasso.org/[/mfn]

Read more about interdental brushes.

Authoritative References

  • College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, and others Learn more
  • Nigerian Dental Association Nigeria – Learn more

1. CDC – Oral Health Basics: Tips for daily dental care
https://www.cdc.gov/oralhealth/basics/adult-oral-health/tips.html

2. American Dental Association (ADA) – Flossing & Brushing Guidance
https://www.ada.org/resources/research/science-and-research-institute/oral-health-topics

3. Mayo Clinic – Mouthwash Use & Effectiveness
https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/in-depth/mouthwash/art-20047492

4. NHS UK – Brushing Tips & Mistakes to Avoid
https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/healthy-teeth-and-gums/how-to-keep-your-teeth-clean/

5. Cleveland Clinic – Toothbrush Hygiene
https://health.clevelandclinic.org/how-often-should-you-replace-your-toothbrush

Botulax 100 vs 200 vs 300 Units: Choosing the Right Vial for Your Clinic

By
Isreal Olabanji DST RN
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0

Injectables aren’t one-size-fits-all — and your supply shouldn’t be either. Whether you’re running a small private studio or a large clinic with a packed daily schedule, the format you choose matters. That’s why Botulax comes in 100, 200, and 300 unit vials.

Key Facts: Botulax Vial Size Guide

▪️Botulax 100 units is ideal for precise, small-area treatments—like glabellar lines, light crow’s feet, or brow lifts—offering inventory control and minimal waste .

▪️Botulax 200 units suits practitioners treating multiple zones per session or treating two patients consecutively—cost-efficient, streamlined prep, less packaging waste .

▪️Botulax 300 units is geared toward high-volume clinics or med spas where frequent sessions occur—reduces restocking, minimizes interruptions, and enhances workflow .

▪️Consistent formula & quality across vial sizes: Contains botulinum toxin type A produced under South Korean guidelines; onset in 3–4 days, peak effect at 10–14 days, lasting ~5–6 months .

▪️Minimal diffusion & clean formulation: Low spread allows precise injections; absence of unnecessary proteins supports tolerance in sensitive clients .

▪️Practice-driven selection: Choice depends on clinic size, patient volume, treatment complexity, and inventory management needs .

Some clients need one small correction. Others come in for complex, full-face work. The key is having the right dose at the right time — no waste, no overpaying, no need to open two vials when one would’ve been enough.

Let’s break it down by size.

Botulax 100 — A Flexible Choice for Focused Treatments

If you’re working with localized areas — think glabellar lines, light crow’s feet, or a bit of brow lifting — then Botulax 100 makes the most sense. It’s efficient, easy to track in inventory, and gives you enough to handle one or two zones comfortably.

Some clinics prefer this size because it’s easier to control stock, especially when treating different clients with varied needs throughout the day. Also, for newer patients who are just starting aesthetic treatments, this is often the best dose to begin with.

You can check the Botulax 100 units price directly on our product page at koreaderma.shop. No forms, no callbacks, no request-to-quote. Just the info you need, when you need it.

Botulax 200 — When You Need a Little More

Botulax 200 is exactly what it sounds like — the same formulation as the 100, just double the amount. It’s ideal for practitioners who need to treat multiple facial zones during one session or who deal with clients who return for regular combination treatments.

This size can also help reduce packaging waste, streamline prep, and even lower your cost per unit. Many mid-sized clinics keep a mix of 100 and 200 unit vials on hand, using them based on the case and the number of areas involved.

Examples where Botulax 200 units is a good fit: crow’s feet with forehead lines and glabella, two patients back-to-back, hyperhidrosis treatment, or mild lower-face sculpting.

Botulax 300 — Built for High-Volume Clinics

If you’re seeing patients every 20 to 30 minutes, you don’t want to keep restocking the fridge or constantly opening new vials. That’s where Botulax 300 comes in.

This is the size most often chosen by larger urban clinics, medical spas with multiple injectors, and providers who handle high-frequency procedures like blepharospasm or facial volume balancing.

Botulax 300 gives you fewer interruptions, less waste, and more control over your supply.

What Makes Botulax a Reliable Option?

No matter which size you choose, the quality stays the same. Botulax is a botulinum toxin type A, produced under strict guidelines in South Korea.

It comes as a powder for reconstitution with saline. On average, the product starts working within three to four days. Peak effect is usually reached between days ten and fourteen, and most patients enjoy results for around five to six months.

It spreads minimally, which allows for controlled, precise work. And because it’s free of unnecessary proteins or additives, it’s generally well tolerated by sensitive clients.

Ordering from koreaderma.shop

We know clinics need things to run smoothly. That’s why we keep our service practical and direct. Every vial is cold-stored, handled properly, and shipped with tracking.

When you order from us, you get:

  • Original Korean product only
  • Batch and expiration info included
  • Proper temperature-controlled packaging
  • Fast shipping
  • No rebranded or substituted items

We support both individual buyers and bulk orders. If you’re restocking for the month or just trying out Botulax for the first time, we’ll make sure you get what you need quickly and without hassle.

Not Sure Which One to Choose?

A lot of first-time buyers go with the 100 unit vial just to get familiar with the product. Larger clinics often mix 200 and 300 unit formats to suit different treatments or keep costs low.

If you’re unsure what to order, reach out to us. We’ll walk you through it without pushing you to buy more than you need.

Botulax is ready to ship in whatever size fits your workflow. Tell us what you need — we’ll take care of the rest.

Authoritative References

1. Bruno Dermal Filler – Botulax Vial Comparison: Highlights choosing vial size based on area treated and aesthetic goals

3. Korea Beauty Tech – How Botulax Works: Describes vial-size use cases, mechanism, onset, and dilution notes

4. iBeautyMachine – Botulax 100U Purity & Manufacture: Emphasizes consistent quality across vial sizes

5. Derma Solution – Botulax 300 Units Applications: Outlines uses for hyperhidrosis, blepharospasm, and aesthetic treatments

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