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    You are at:Home»DENTAL CARE»What is Osteomyelitis and how does it enter the bone?
    DENTAL CARE

    What is Osteomyelitis and how does it enter the bone?

    By Isreal Olabanji DST RNJanuary 29, 2023Updated:January 29, 2023No Comments2 Mins Read
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    Osteomyelitis of the jaw
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    osteomyelitis is an inflammation of bone and bone marrow. It may develop in jaws from bone infection or from other odontogenic causes.
    The spread of infection from dental pulp is in the direction of Periapical region. A number of tissue reactions may occur depending on the variety of circumstances.
    There is a transformation from one lesion to another in most cases.

    What is Osteomyelitis?

    In this article show
    What is Osteomyelitis?
    Acute Suppurative osteomyelitis
    What are the common causes of osteomyelitis?
    Osteomyelitis in children
    Osteomyelitis signs and symptoms
    Treatment and Prognosis of Osteomyelitis
    Complications of osteomyelitis
    It is an inflammation of the interior of bone especially involving the marrow spaces.
       It is either acute, subacute or chronic and presents different clinical course depending on its nature.

    Acute Suppurative osteomyelitis

      This is a serious sequela of Periapical infection that results in a diffuse spread of infection in medullary spaces with necrosis of variable amount of bone.

    What are the common causes of osteomyelitis?

    • Dental infection.
    • Gunshot wounds.
    • Haematogenous spread.
    Dental infection is the most common and frequent cause, but it is not a common disease per se.
    It may be well localized or involve a great volume of bone through violent Periapical abscess, chronic Periapical granuloma or cyst undergoing acute excavation without established drainage.
    Most common organisms involved are Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus albus or mixed organisms.
    Specific infection osteomyelitis is seen secondary to actinomycosis, Syphilis, and tuberculosis.

    Osteomyelitis in children

      Maxillary osteomyelitis is common in children and often well circumscribed. Mandibular osteomyelitis is common in adults and here the bony involvement is more diffuse and widespread. It may involve maxilla or mandible.

    Osteomyelitis signs and symptoms

    For infants, it can be hematogenous with features of

    • Severe pains
    • fever
    • regional
    • lymphadenitis
    • Increased WBC count, loosening of affected teeth and difficulty with mastication.
    • Paraesthesia and Anesthesia may be seen in the Mandibular type at the acute phase.
    • Swelling and reddening of skin and or mucosa may result from periostitis.
    See also  What is the difference between dental tape and dental floss?

    Treatment and Prognosis of Osteomyelitis

      Establish drainage and treat with antibiotics.
    Under treatment, a dead bone may lose vitality and separate from living bone to form sequestrum which may exfoliate if small but requires surgical removal if large. Involucrum is the surrounding new living bone.

    Complications of osteomyelitis

    • Periostitis
    • Soft tissue abscess
    • Cellulitis
    •  pathological fracture.

    Related

    Previous ArticleDental pulp diseases: causes, types and treatments
    Next Article Alopecia areata: What is the, Diagnosis, and How is it Tested
    Avatar of Isreal Olabanji DST RN
    Isreal Olabanji DST RN
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    Am Isreal olabanji a dental assistant and public health professionals and has years of experience in assisting the dentist with all sorts of dental issues. We regularly post timely and trustworthy medical information and news. My goal is to enlighten everyone in all aspects of health towards participating in fitness, Dental care, healthy recipes, child health, obstetrics, and more.

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