Monoamine oxidase inhibitors, also known as MAO inhibitors or MAOIs, function by impeding the activity of monoamine oxidase enzymes in the brain. These enzymes are responsible for the degradation of neurotransmitters like dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. While historically linked to depression due to low levels of these neurotransmitters, their deficiency might not solely explain depression. MAOIs elevate the levels of these neurotransmitters by inhibiting the actions of monoamine oxidase enzymes. Typically reserved for cases where standard antidepressants have failed, MAOIs pose a higher risk of drug interactions compared to conventional antidepressants. Additionally, they can interact adversely with specific foods such…
Author: Wisdom Bassey
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Melatonin supplements often come with an expiration date, which serves as the manufacturer’s assurance regarding the potency and safety of the product if consumed before the indicated date on the bottle or label. However, not all melatonin products are labeled with an expiration date. Further research is necessary to determine the safety of melatonin products beyond their expiration dates. Melatonin is a naturally occurring hormone produced in the brain, regulating the body’s sleep-wake cycle. Synthetic melatonin found in supplements is utilized by individuals to address various sleep-related issues such as insomnia, jet lag, and certain sleep disorders in children. Between…
Citrucel, an over-the-counter (OTC) medication, incorporates methylcellulose fiber as its active component and holds FDA approval for alleviating sporadic instances of irregular constipation. However, it is not recommended for regular usage in cases of chronic constipation. Prolonged constipation enduring beyond seven days might indicate an underlying health issue of greater concern. Citrucel is available in two formulations: oral tablets and a powder designed for dissolution in liquid. Both variations have FDA endorsement for usage by adults and children aged 6 years and above. Before administering Citrucel to children under 6 years of age, it is advisable to seek guidance from…
“Cystex Urinary Pain Relief is a blend of methenamine and sodium salicylate, serving as its active components. This medication is employed to alleviate symptoms associated with bladder irritation or infection, including painful or burning sensations during urination, as well as an urgent or increased frequency of urination. Furthermore, Cystex Urinary Pain Relief has the potential to impede the advancement of a bladder infection.” What is AZO Urinary Pain Relief? AZO Urinary Pain Relief is a medicine designed to alleviate symptoms resulting from urinary tract irritation, such as pain, burning, and a sense of urgency or frequent urination. While this medication…
Nexplanon (etonogestrel) is a prescription birth control implant designed to prevent pregnancy, available under its brand name. Like many contraceptives, Nexplanon may lead to side effects such as weight gain and menstrual spotting. Nexplanon falls within the category of drugs known as progestins and is not currently offered in a generic form. The Basics of Nexplanon The birth control implant, Nexplanon, is a slender 4 cm rod designed to continuously release progestin, providing highly effective contraception. Inserted beneath the skin of the arm in a doctor’s office, it is FDA-approved for three years, with evidence supporting off-label use for up…
Citalopram, an FDA-approved medication, is primarily utilized for the treatment of major depressive disorder and panic disorder. It is offered in both tablet and liquid formulations, enabling tailored and convenient dosing. Major depressive disorder manifests through persistent feelings of sadness, diminished interest, and decreased energy levels, significantly impeding daily functioning and enjoyment of life. Conversely, panic disorder entails recurrent, unexpected panic attacks characterized by intense fear and discomfort. Healthcare providers administer citalopram subsequent to a comprehensive assessment of the patient’s symptoms and medical background. The prescribed dosage and treatment duration may vary based on individual requirements. Adherence to the recommended…
Bactrim combines two antibiotics, sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim, and is prescribed to address various bacterial infections, including those affecting the middle ear, urinary tract, respiratory system, and intestines. Additionally, it is employed for both prevention and treatment of a specific form of pneumonia known as pneumocystis-type pneumonia. It’s important to note that this medication is not suitable for children under 2 months old due to the potential for serious side effects. It’s crucial to understand that this medication is effective only against certain types of infections and will not treat viral infections like the flu. Misuse or unnecessary use of any…
A subcutaneous injection is administered beneath the skin’s surface, specifically into the layer of subcutaneous fat located beneath the epidermis and dermis, which house sweat glands and hair follicles. This region serves as the site for subcutaneous injections. The provided resource from Great Ormond Street Hospital (GOSH) offers insights into subcutaneous injections, their necessity, and instructions for administering them to children. It serves as a refresher for the training provided at GOSH. Three primary devices are utilized for subcutaneous injections at GOSH: a conventional syringe, auto-injector, and pen device. This document primarily focuses on syringe usage for injections. Instructions for…
Letrozole belongs to the classification of nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitors, which inhibit the activity of aromatase, an enzyme responsible for converting androgen to estrogen. Typically recommended for postmenopausal women, Letrozole is employed in the treatment of hormone-sensitive breast cancers and fertility challenges. Administered in tablet form, Letrozole requires a prescription and is marketed under the brand name Femara. What Is Letrozole Used For? Letrozole is effective in addressing conditions influenced by elevated levels of estrogen within the body. For estrogen-receptor-positive breast cancer, letrozole serves as a treatment option, working to impede the progression and spread of such tumors. In certain cases,…
Triamcinolone acetonide cream is prescribed for the treatment of fungal skin infections. It contains nystatin, which is an antifungal medication that inhibits fungus growth, and triamcinolone, an anti-inflammatory corticosteroid that alleviates swelling, itching, and redness. It specifically addresses fungal skin infections and does not address other types of skin infections like those caused by bacteria or viruses. Misuse or unnecessary usage of any antibiotic can reduce its effectiveness. NYSTATIN; TRIAMCINOLONE (nye STAT in; trye am SIN oh lone) is a combination of antifungal and steroid medications. It is utilized to manage specific types of fungal or yeast infections affecting the…